Что такое Eloquent ORM?

Eloquent - ORM в Laravel, реализующий паттерн Active Record:

class User extends Model {
    protected $fillable = ['name', 'email'];
    protected $casts = ['email_verified_at' => 'datetime'];

    public function posts(): HasMany {
        return $this->hasMany(Post::class);
    }
}

// CRUD
$user = User::create(['name' => 'John', 'email' => 'j@test.com']);
$user = User::find(1);
$user = User::where('email', 'j@test.com')->first();
$user->update(['name' => 'Jane']);
$user->delete();

// Query Builder
User::where('age', '>', 18)->orderBy('name')->paginate(15);